Article by Bernt Hugenholtz. This article was previously published on Kluwer Copyright Blog . Just seven weeks after the release of the AG’s Opinion the Kwantum v. Vitra case was decided by the European Court. For Dutch background and early criticism, see my earlier blog. The main question asked to the Court was whether a Member State may unilaterally apply the Berne Convention’s rule of material reciprocity (Article 2(7) BC) to non-EU works. According to this provision, Berne states are not obliged to grant copyright protection to works that originate from a country that does not itself provide for copyright protection of industrial designs. One of such countries is the United States, the country of origin of the Eames chair in the case at hand. Given the short time frame between opinion and decision, the Court’s answer does not surprise. It is for the EU legislature, not the individual Member States, to restrict the scope of application of harmonized EU copyright law. Since the acquis does not provide for material reciprocity, works of applied art are unconditionally protected in the EU.
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